The Dimension Table For Crime - 1966 Words

I) DATA CUBE Consider a data warehouse containing data pertaining to crimes. It has three dimensions – Location, Crime and Time, and 3 measures – Number of Crimes, Cost of Investigation, and Duration of Investigation. The dimension table for Crime comprises of concepts such as Crime Type (eg, Theft, Assault, Arson) and Assigned Agency (eg, FBI, DEA, CBP, Coast guard, State Patrol, etc.). The dimension table for Location contains concepts such as city, state and country. Similarly, the dimension table for Time contains concepts such as year, month, week, date and hour. PROBLEMS: 1) (5 points) Consider that the above data warehouse has to be modeled as a data cube over the three dimensions. Assuming no concept hierarchy (i.e., each dimension†¦show more content†¦Show enough details about how you getThere are 4 levels of concept hierarchy There are 4 levels of concept hierarchy There are 6 levels of concept hierarchy *(4+1)*(5+1) = 4*4*6 = 96 for the above data warehouse. Note: in this question, there is no need to perform normalization on dimension table Time. [Hint: You are free to add any valid and relevant attributes to the dimension tables whileConsidering the concept hierarchies shown in Figure 1, calculate the total number of cuboids in the data cube (including the base and apex cuboids). Show enough details about how you getfor the above data warehouse. Note: in this question, there is no[Hint: You are free to add any valid and relevant attributes to the dimension tables while4) (10 points) Now you need to add another fact table, in which the dimensions are the measures are Number of Crimes Assigned dimension table for Officer contains concepts such as the police officers. Considering both new and existing fact and dimension tables, draw constellation schema for the data warehouse. 5) (10 points) Consider the concept hierarchy provided in Figure 1. Suppose we are provided data containing 1000 crime records which measures 25 crime types assigned to 10 different agencies across 40 cities among 20 states

A Discourse On Inequality By Rousseau - 2135 Words

Within â€Å"A Discourse on Inequality†, Rousseau reveals a core trait of his philosophy that wasn’t present in any of his predecessors; his faith and trust in the inherent goodness of man. Many of the negative, evil aspects of humanity that he devotes so much of his time to arguing against do not arise from men, but rather from various socio-political institutions. Rousseau was a strong writer, and like any strong writer he used many different rhetorical tactics in his arguments. Rousseau’s strongest rhetorical device was his definition of mankind’s nature, and the ways in which he relied upon this â€Å"true state of nature† to continually enforce his argument that man is a naturally good and compassionate being. In his demonstration of a state of nature that â€Å"no longer exists, which has, perhaps, never existed,† Rousseau shows his audience what a world where people lived within a pure state of nature would be like. In attempting to de fine what human nature would be like without any social establishments, Rousseau strengthens his idea that without these institutions, mankind would be truly free and living without any type of dissension or conflict. Rousseau often speaks of â€Å"the true state of nature.† Before continuing any further in this argument, the true state of nature must be clearly defined and specified. Rousseau describes the natural man, a creature he speaks of as a simple being without the capacity for reason, morals, or self-improvement. What he means by this is not theShow MoreRelatedThe Discourse On The Origin Of Inequality By Juis Rousseau713 Words   |  3 PagesJean-Jacques Rousseau is known as one of the most influential Enlightenment and French Revolution philosophers of the eighteenth century. 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In his novel Discourse on Equality, or better known, 2nd Discourse, Rousseau attempts to outline what humans were like before societal interference, and ho w we can tryRead MoreEssay about More Than Meets The Eye1643 Words   |  7 Pagesreign over the general population.   The ability of one person to rule over another arises from both moral and physical inequalities.   Jean-Jacques Rousseau, a prominent Genevan philosopher, attempts to uncover the origin of inequality.   In The Second Discourse, Rousseau systematically dissects the movement of humans away from their natural state and attempts to explain how inequality is derived.   Shakespeare’s The Tempest tells the tale of a usurped Duke, Prospero, who suffers a life of exile on a mysticalRead MoreRousseau s Influence On Society1443 Words   |  6 PagesHarmon Rousseau Influence on Society Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a philosopher and writer of the 18th century. 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Antigone The Rebel Of Freedom - 843 Words

Antigone: The Rebel Freedom must come from within. Those who think they cannot break loose from the chains that restrain them, will remain powerless. Similarly, greek women had a limited amount of freedom. The rules that were set, were extreme and unfair. Rather than rebel, many women found themselves helpless and incapable of changing society. In the play Antigone, by Sophocles, it is made evident that Creon and Antigone both have opposing views on gender roles. Antigone is faced with a difficult decision that involves going against the male establishment in society. This establishment is personified by her uncle Creon. He believes that men are essential in this society and women are secondary. Antigone, on the other hand, had a high praise for the Gods. She felt that the laws of the gods should be obeyed above all others,especially when in respect to family. Antigone finds herself on an uphill battle for freedom. She is able to challenge society by following the rules of the Gods as opposed to the rules Creon has set. This enables her to highlight the faults in society along with the struggles women go through to cope with the shackles society has put on them. Essentially, Ismene, Antigone s sister, does not have the same mindset as Antigone. Nonetheless, Antigone does not obey Creon’s notion to not bury Polyneices. Antigone states, â€Å" As for you, well, if you wish, you can show your contempt for those laws the gods all hold in honour.†(Sophocles 93-95) Antigone wasShow MoreRelatedThe Feminist Movement In SophoclesAntigone1340 Words   |  6 PagesThe largely neglected Sophoclean play of Antigone has been relaunched into contemporary critical discussion, this is largely through the emergence of the feminism movement and the critical theory resulting from it in the late 19th and early 20th century. 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DNA Strawberry Extraction Lap Example For Students

DNA Strawberry Extraction Lap Lab : DNA Strawberry Extraction Hypothesis Strawberries have DNA that has the ability to be extracted and also to be seen under a microscope. Explanation of Hypothesis All livings things have some sort of genetic code. Strawberries are not an exception to this rule, and in strawberries this genetic code is called DNA. The DNA has the ability to be extracted due to it having a different molecular nature than the rest of the cell. Variables Dependent The amount of DNA extracted from the strawberry Independent The size of the strawberries Fixed Time of which ethanol and strawberries are left together Temperature of ice in which the ethanol is held Amount of extraction buffer used Amount of ethanol used Type of strawberries used Type of microscope used Time of which strawberries are smashed for Time of which extraction buffer and strawberries are mixed together Strainer used Uncontrolled Microscope visibility Room temperature External light Observation Watch carefully and record what you observe where the ethanol meets the filtrate layer. The solution separates into two layers, with the red filtrate at the bottom, the white ethanol on top, with some air bubble like mixture of both in the middle. Let the solution sit for two minutes without disturbing it. Describe the precipitate. A clump of pinkish air bubbly DNA with countless tiny bubbles form from the filtrate at the bottom. Gradually, it rises up through the clear ethanol layer, becoming more white and clumped into a ball. Until it floats to the top, where it condenses and weaves together. View and describe the DNA with the naked eye and under the microscope. The DNA is pinkish white, sticky, and wet-cotton-like mass under naked eye. Microscope Diagram is attached. Discussion 1) What is the purpose of mashing the fruit? It is a mechanical disruption of cells that helps to break down the cell walls. 2) What is the purpose for the shampoo and salt in the DNA extraction buffer? The detergent in the shampoo dissolves the phospholipids bi-layers of the cell and organelle membranes. The positive charged sodium ions in the extraction solution are attracted to the negatively charged phosphate groups on the DNA backbone. It neutralizes the DNAs electric charge. The salt also keeps the proteins in the extract layer so they arent precipitated with the DNA. 3) What is the purpose of the ethanol? The cold ethanol is used to separate the DNA from the strawberry protein. DNA is soluble in water, but not in ethanol. Therefore the DNA can be separated from the solution. 4) Relate the chemical structure of DNA to how it looks when clumped together. At a molecular level, the chemical structure of DNA is a double twisted helix. Normally, it cannot be seen with the naked eye. It can only be seen when the cell is n prophase of mitosis, meaning that the DNA has folded itself to form chromatin. When the strawberry DNA is clumped together, our naked eye sees a white mass, but when looking at it with a microscope; we can see that the clumped mass is composed of interlocking strands that are woven together. 5) Would you expect scientist to use the exact same method to extract DNA from human tissue? Why or why not? Yes, I would expect scientists to use the exact same method to extract DNA from human tissue because the procedures done in this lab use the same essential elements as advanced laboratory DNA extraction procedures, such as, mechanical disruption of cells, liberation of the DNA, and precipitation of the DNA. .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8 , .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8 .postImageUrl , .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8 , .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8:hover , .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8:visited , .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8:active { border:0!important; } .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8:active , .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8 .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u03133bbd71b474c5b99883a213a537a8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Teen Pregnancy (900 words) Essay6) Which human cells would you use for DNA extraction and why? The most common human cells that would be used for DNA extraction are hair, skin and saliva because there is an abundant source of them and it is painless and easy to obtain it. Blood is also easy to obtain, but a bit of pain can be side effect. 7) Why do you think scientists study the DNA of strawberries? Scientists use the study of DNA because strawberries have enormous genomes, they are octoploid (8 copies of each gene). They also produce pectinases and cellulases which start the breakdown of cell walls as they ripen. 8) Is the DNA pure? What other molecule normally associated with DNA will be present? No, DNA is not pure. It also has protein molecules embedded within it. For example, there are strawberry proteins because it is slightly pink. 9) Some people are concerned that manipulation of DNA will change life as we know it. Provide two examples of human genes that might be modified. Human genes have been modified to provide resistance to illnesses and diseases, especially genetic diseases. Also, some human genes may be manipulated to change things such as lung capacity, brain capacity and muscle mass to make a super human. 10) Provide two examples of plant genes that already modified and the reasons for the modification. Bananas Some are modified to produce human vaccines against infectious diseases such as hepatitis B. Fruit and nut trees yield years earlier and plants that produce new plastics with unique properties. Conclusion DNA can be found in all living organisms such as humans, animals, plants and fruits. For this lab, a strawberry was used to help identify the molecular structure of DNA and to demonstrate how DNA is extracted from any organism. The molecular structure of DNA is a double twisted helix made up of two complementary strands. This, at a molecular level, cannot be seen with the naked eye. It can only be seen when the cell is in prophase of mitosis, meaning that the DNA has folded itself to form chromatin. The strawberry DNA that was extracted could be seen with the naked eye because it was an extractable clumped mass of thousands of strands of DNA. Looking at the small chunk closely under a microscope, the clump mass is actually composed of interlocking woven strands of DNA. While looking at the DNA through the microscope, it is also visible that there are proteins embedded within it. The procedures to extract DNA from a strawberry are relatively similar to advanced laboratory DNA extraction procedures. Both require a mechanical disruption of cells, liberation of the DNA, and precipitation of the DNA. With the strawberries, molecules were mashed in order to break the cell wall, then, they were chemically added the DNA extraction buffer made from shampoo and salt, and used ethanol to separate the DNA from the solution. The salt in the buffer neutralizes the negatively charged phosphate groups in the DNA. The ethanol separates the DNA from the strawberry protein because DNA is soluble in water but not soluble in ethanol. Having enormous genomes, strawberries were an ideal specimen to use to identify DNA. Evaluations Throughout the whole lab, one can find possible errors (weaknesses and limitations) Did not specify a specific temperature for the cold ethanol. May cause erroneous outcomes in the separation of DNA and the solution. Getting the DNA off the inoculating loop was problematic. It is possible that the DNA was mashed and affected during this procedure of applying the DNA onto a slide. Hand was needed. May cause erroneous results in the efficiency of the buffer due to a specific type of shampoo for the mixing of the DNA extraction buffer. .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c , .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c .postImageUrl , .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c , .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c:hover , .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c:visited , .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c:active { border:0!important; } .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c:active , .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf1052ca255e657554ccebb2e3e040e5c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Ten Commandments: What Should Happen Essay No specific safety rules or conduct was implied or listed. May cause danger or injury to experimenters. In order to improve this DNA Strawberry Extraction for further usage, the following improvements can be made in respect to the weaknesses and limitations found above. Provide and state another way of getting the DNA off the inoculating loop. Possibly, the use of another inoculating loop, the use of toothpicks, or even the use of hands. Specify, in the procedures or materials, a specific temperature for the cold ethanol and one should be able to maintain that temperature.. Specify, in the materials, a specific type of shampoo and strawberry for the mixing of the DNA extraction buffer. List or state some safety rules or conduct regarding the lab. Even small safety details never hurts.